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Esta revisión narrativa integradora sintetiza la evidencia de los últimos diez años sobre Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS), con énfasis en adaptaciones de protocolos a entornos específicos, herramientas de estimación de peso, actualizaciones de directrices y métodos de enseñanza y evaluación de competencias. Una búsqueda estructurada en PubMed identificó 18 publicaciones, organizadas en cuatro ejes temáticos: adaptación de protocolos, cintas antropométricas, directrices AHA/ILCOR y formación/evaluación basada en simulación. Los hallazgos revelan que las cintas específicas mejoran la precisión de dosificación; las actualizaciones focales refuerzan la ventilación y el control de temperatura posresucitación; y la retención de habilidades decae sin entrenamiento complementario, siendo efectivas las simulaciones presenciales y remotas para mitigar esta pérdida. Se señalan brechas en la validación multicéntrica de herramientas, en la evaluación del impacto clínico de adaptaciones como Dental ALS (DALS) y en la adopción de tecnologías avanzadas en contextos de recursos limitados. Se concluye que las estrategias de recertificación basadas en desempeño y las políticas de capacitación continua son esenciales para mejorar la atención en emergencias pediátricas. Se recomienda realizar ensayos aleatorizados y estudios multicéntricos que correlacionen modalidades de formación con resultados en pacientes reales.
Referencias
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